Brake.



" Nn. 699,5'7. Patenten na'ys., |9Qf2..

H.HL. scHAFF'uEn. BRAKE.

(Applicato'n led Oct. 24, 1991A' am Model.) 2 sheets-shea: 1.

No. 699,579.. 9 A Patented myf's, |902.

H; L. SCHAFFNER.

BRAKE.

application medoct. 24, 1901, I (vlo Model.) `Z'Shmats-Shaat 2.

UNiTED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

HENRY LOUIS SCHAFFN ER, OF FLORENCE, ITALY.

BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 699,579,dated May6,1902.

l Application iiled'October 24, 1901. Serial No. 79,865. (No model.) I

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY LoUIs SCHARF- NER, of Florence, Italy, haveinvented certain new anduseful Improvements in Brakes; -and I herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which formpart of this specification.

Thisinvention is an improvement in brakes especially designed for use inconnection with bicycles7 motor-vehicles, and other vehicles havingpneumatic or cushion tires, one of its objects being to brake the wheeleffectually by engaging the rim or felly of the wheel instead of thepneumatic tir Another object is to so construct the brake that by aslight application of power a quick but very powerful application of thebrake may be obtained. A

In the present invention the multiplication of power is obtained by acombinationl of 1evers attached to and forming a partofthe brake itself.

I have shown the invention as adapted to bicycles; but obviously thebrake can be ap.

plied to other forms of vehicles and to other machines and is notrestricted to the application herein shown.

The claims summarize the essential features ofthe invention concisely,and I wi1l now proceed to describe the embodiments of the inventionillustrated in the accompanying drawings, which will impart a clearunderstanding of the essential features of the invention; but I do notconfine myself to the construction and arran gement.- shown indrawingsexcept where the same is specifically set forth in the claims.

In said drawings, Figure l is a front View of the invention as abicycle-brake clamping the rim of the front wheel. Fig. 2 is a side viewof the same. Fig. 3 is a front View thereof with brake released. Figs.4. and 5 are front views of slightly-modified forms of the brake. Fig. 6is a front view of a slightly-different form of brake, better adapted torear wheels. Fig. 7 is a side View of Fig. 6. Fig. Sis a view showingthe hand operating device for the brake.

As shown in Figs. l, 2, 3, A designates the fork or frame of a bicycle;B, the wheel rim or felly; C, the pneumatic or cushion tire at- D and anouter part D', connected by screws D2. To the inner parts D are pivotedthe lower ends of opposite brake-levers E E", which are provided withprojecting studs e, on which are secured fiu'ted friction-shoes c', thatare adapted to engage the opposite edges of the wheel-rim B when theupper ends 0f the levers are drawn toward each other, as in Fig.- l,such movement of the levers applying the brake and the reverse orseparating movement of the levers releasing it. To the upper end oflever E' is pivoted one end of a link E2, the other end of which ispivotally connected to a rod F, that extends to and through an openingin the upper end of lever E and is confined by a nut F', which is tappedon the threaded end of rod F, as shown. Preferably an expansion-springfis interposed between nut Ff and uppervend of lever E, as shown. A pullrod,` cord, or chain is attached `to link E2 and leads to a suitablehand-lever or other actuating device. As shown, a cord E3 is led fromlink E2 up to a hand-lever G, attached to the handle-bar A', said cordpassing over a guide-pulley g at a suitablepoint above the brake. Thelevers E E are forced apart by suitable springs. As shown in Figs. l and2, bar-springs d are attached to parts D of the clamps and press theleversoutwardly. The separatingmovement of the levers is limited byadjustable screwstops d', tapped through lugs d2 on parts D, as shown.

In Fig. et the construction is substantially the same as in Fig. 1, butthe levers are separated by a bow-spring E4, and the outward movement ofthe levers is arrested bylugs d3, and link E2 is provided with a rollerE4, around which the pull-cord E3 runs.

In the construction shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7 the brake is applied byforcing the upper ends of levers apart, the brake-'shoes being 4attachedto the lower ends of the levers, be-

low the pivots thereof, instead ofbeing attached above their pivots, asin Figs. l to 4.

As shown in Figs. G and 7, the levers E E are pivoted near their centerson blocks or clamps D. To their lower ends are attached brake-shoes c2,which are adapted to press IOO against the rim B of the wheel below thepneumat-ic or cushion tire. A link E is pivoted to the upper end ofleverE, and to said link and about midway of its length is pivotallyconnected one end of a rod F2, which extends through an opening in theupper end of lever E', a nut F and springf being placed on the rod, soas to force lever E/ against an adjustable stop-nut F3 on the rod. Thefree end of link E5 is connected to the pull-chainEG, so that when thelatter is drawn upwardly the upper ends of levers E E will be forcedapart and the brake applied.

In Fig. 5 rotatable brake-shoes e are attached to the lower ends of thelevers and are adapted to engage opposite sides of the rim B when theupper ends of the levers are forced apart. In this case the levers arepivoted on pins A2, projecting from the fork or frame A,

and the lower ends of the levers are forced apart by a bow-spring El.The upper ends of the levers are united by a connection formed of'a linkEand rod F5,which is tapped through a rocking nut E8 in the upper end oflever E, and its inner end rotatably engages a block 72, in asocket-piece II, pivoted to the end of link E7, said block being pressedoutwardly by a springfl. The pull E9is attached to the pivot connectionof the block and link.

It will be observed that the link and rod form an extensible connectionbetween the upper ends of the brake-levers in all the figures, onemember of this connection being short, the other long. When thisconnection is relaxed, as in Figs. 3, 5, and 6, the brake is released;but when the connection is eX- tended, as in Figs. l and 4, the brake isapplied. To extend the connect-ion, very little power is required, andif the short member of the connection be swung something less than aquarter of a revolution on its pivot the full power of the brake will berealized. In other words, when the pivot or joint of the two members ofthe connection (to wit, E2 and Fin Figs. 1 and 4, E5 and F2 in Fig. 6,and F5 and E7 in Fig. 5) comes into alinement with the pivots or jointsbetween the members of the connection and the opposite brakelevers thenthe brake will be applied with' The springs ffi are useful to compensatefor any slight irregularities in the rim of the wheel when brakes arereleased and to prevent rattling of parts.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. The combination of thewheel, brake-levers pivoted on opposite sides thereof, and brake-shoescarried by said levers; with a connection composed of a short and a longmember respectively connected to the free ends ot' the opposite levers,the joint between one member of the connection and one lever beingadjustable, and means for extending the connection, substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination of the Wheel, the brakelevers pivoted on oppositesides thereof, the stops for limiting the releasing movement of thelevers, the link pivoted to one lever, a rod pivotally connected to thelink and transfixing the other lever, anv adjusting-nut on the rod, aspring interposed between the rod and lever, a pull connected to thelink, and a spring for separating the levers, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination of the wheeLthe clamps on opposite sides thereof, thebrake-levers pivoted on the clamps limiting the releasing movement ofthe levers, the brake-shoes attached to the levers above their pivots, alink pivoted to one lever, an adjustable rod pivotally connected to thelink and connecting it with the other lever, and a spring for separatingthe levers, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

HENRY LOUIS SGHAFFNER.

NVitnesses:

SPIRITO BENNoRRo, J. QUINCY CARPENTER.

lss

